Disney. Starbucks. Coca-Cola. Some iconic brands inspire such intense loyalty that they become part of enthusiasts’ identities. Perhaps the most compelling example in modern memory is Apple: millions of people around the world are deeply devoted to the company’s products, and their dedication (and willingness to pay a premium for their hardware) has made Apple one of the most successful companies in history. Yet, Apple’s technology is based on an exclusive ecosystem. To be an Apple user, generally speaking, you must buy an Apple device (or in some cases, several of them…between me, my wife, and my kids we have 6). This contrasts with Google’s Android model, whose operating system integrates with a variety of smartphones and other devices.